40%
Lower relapse risk
Regular aerobic exercise reduces relapse rates by 40% or more, according to a 2012 Yale School of Medicine review of 22 studies on exercise in substance use recovery. Exercise provides both biological and behavioral substitution.
50%
Craving reduction
A 2017 randomized controlled trial published in Mental Health and Physical Activity found that 30 minutes of brisk walking reduced craving intensity by up to 50% for at least 60 minutes post-exercise.
3–6 mo
Brain repair timeline
Aerobic exercise reverses prefrontal cortex shrinkage caused by long-term substance use within 3–6 months. A 2011 PNAS study found consistent cardio grew the hippocampus by 2% — reversing age-related and addiction-related loss.
=Rx
As effective as antidepressants
The SMILE trial (Blumenthal et al., 1999; replicated 2007) found that aerobic exercise was equally effective as sertraline (Zoloft) for treating major depression — with lower relapse rates at 10-month follow-up.
What Regular Exercise Does to Recovery Outcomes
Sources: Yale School of Medicine (2012), Mental Health and Physical Activity (2017), PNAS (2011), SMILE Trial (1999, 2007)